Check for Connection Problem
Let's start with the obvious. Make sure the external drive is not loosely connected. The USB cable should be plugged in firmly on both ends. Unplug your external HDD and try some other ports to see if you have dead USB ports. If you’ve plugged the drive into a USB hub, try connecting it to the computer instead. Some USB hubs won’t provide enough power for your external drive to function. Also, if you are using a desktop PC, try the back USB ports rather than the front USB port. There could be some differences in power level. After you tried all the ports and cables, try connecting the external HDD to another computer. If it works on another computer then you'll know that your computer system is having some issues. If the HDD still cannot be recognized, then it is malfunctioning and needs to be fixed.
Check for Permission and Encryption
Right-click on the volume and select Properties. Switch to Security tab, under Group or user names, highlight your user account name. Click Edit. Tick Full control, Modify and other options with a check mark under Allow, then Apply. Click OK to leave. Recheck the status of issue to see if you can access the files now.
Check for Partition Corruption
Diagnose the disk you are having trouble with Command Prompt.
Click Start, select Run and enter "chkdsk drive_letter :/r" (quotes not included). Tab Enter to start the disk check process. This command requires your disk to be locked. If it failed to lock the disk, system will ask you if you want to run the disk check next time you start the computer. Never power off the computer while checking is in progress! Damage could be done to your disk if you do so! This interface will automatically close when the checking is done. Then, try to access your folder or drive to see if the problem has been solved.
Check for Virus Infection and Anti-Virus Settings
Scan your whole system with your favorite anti-virus software. After the full scan, restart the computer to check if the problem has been solved. Also check the client policy for external drive scanning to make sure the anti-virus is not blocking you from access the external hard drive.
Utilize a Recovery Software to Retrieve Data
If the above methods all fails, you can use a professional data recovery software to save your important files. H Data Recovery Software can recover inaccessible files from hard drives with partitions corrupted or damaged. Remember to save your recovered data to another drive or partition to avoid overwriting. After you get your files back, format the disk partition and the issue should be solved.
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